Rightification: A Theory

 

In May, in the midst of the concerted effort to deny disabled people who can’t dress themselves any means of support, work and pensions secretary Liz Kendall gave a fascinating glimpse into the mindset of Thatcherite Labour.

The cuts, were “crucial”, Kendall averred, “to fighting the rise in populist politics”

They really believe that by forcing through right-wing, necrophile Thatcherite policies they are holding the fort against Trump-esque barbarians when, in fact, they are causing not so much a drift to the Right as a raging stampede.

The disability cuts Labour wanted to implement are a perfect example. The ‘victory’ of PIP cuts being postponed (not shelved, they still might come back in a different form) hides the fact that the other major aspect of the cuts – reducing the weekly benefit of new claimants in the most severe Limited Capacity for Work-Related Activity group by nearly £50 a week from next year – was passed into law.

The cut is greater than the £30 a week one introduced by the Tories in 2016. It’s an interesting theory that you defeat the right by becoming more right-wing that it is.

Or rather was. Because caving in to the slavering dogs just whets their appetite. The proudly Thatcherite Centre for Policy Studies says Labour “must go further”, while Tory leader Kemi Badenoch warns that the “benefits bill” is a “ticking time bomb” which could “collapse the economy”.

Reform UK, meanwhile, wants to force 1 million plus people back into work, declaring that it is the party of “workers and strivers, not shirkers and skivers” (yes it actually rhymes, it sounds like some nightmarish poem written by a 70-year-old bloke with too much time on his hands).

But the truly scary thing that, to Labour’s Machiavellian strategists like Morgan McSweeney, this is a sign that everything is working perfectly. At the next election, Labour will claim it alone is sensible and moderate, while the alternatives send a shudder down the spine. I’m sure some will be seduced by this ploy (but not enough as Labour has alienated so many people that it is clearly toast).

By its action and inactions, and bovine right-wing impulses, Labour is causing this right-wing flood to happen.

Surely there is no-one more slavishly pro-Israel than this Labour government? Labour has increased weapons sales to Israel before exempting the F35 bomber from its cosmetic restrictions. It refuses to call the worst genocide of the century a genocide. It still undertakes (now privatised) daily spy flights over Gaza from an RAF base in Cyprus and places pensioners who oppose the mass killing under house arrest.

But meet Kemi Badenoch, who won’t utter a word of criticism of Israel, thinks the country is fighting “a proxy war on behalf of the UK” and has appointed as shadow foreign secretary a woman who believes UK aid should go to the Israeli Defence [sic] Force.

Or say hello to Nigel Farage who finds the Netanyahu/Trump Gaza Riveira plan for ethnic cleansing “appealing”, and frets that the UK is  not an ally of Israel anymore.

Rachel Reeves, absurdly, wants to deregulate finance again, allowing people to borrow for mortgages at more than four and a half times their income. This is despite the fact that the 2008 financial crisis was precipitated by exactly this kind of permissive environment (it’s easy to forget that we had our own home-grown banking crisis in 2007 caused by Gordon Brown’s light touch regulation before the American one spread across the globe the following year).

But who is going to oppose this desperation? Probably not Kemi Badenoch who regards Argentina’s chainsaw wielding ‘anarcho-capitalist’ President Javier Milei as the template for her imaginary government.

Nor Nigel Farage, the former stockbroker who wants to “keep the flame of Thatcherism alive” by reducing corporation tax to 15%.

Starmer is fruitlessly aping Reform UK’s rhetoric, justifying and amplifying its pseudo-fascist ‘solutions’ while still being markedly less popular with its supporters than his unmentionable socialist predecessor.

But when not emboldening Farage, Sir Kier is channelling the blessed Margaret by promoting the nightmare possibility of a “limited” nuclear war in Europe and appeasing Trump by promising to spend an extra £32 billion (!) every year on weapons, thus ensuring even harsher austerity than that of Cameron/Osborne.

The reaction from the opposition is not to advise caution but to chide that he is not “going far enough”, a phrase I predict we will hear with tiresome regularity in the run up to the next general election.

Reform UK, meanwhile, dreams of an  Musk-style DOGE in every council despite local government, post 2010, bearing the brunt of “the biggest and most sustained cuts in public spending since World War II”.

In their all-encompassing obsession with defeating the Left, the Labour party are fomenting, literally and figuratively, a right-wing arms race that will lead to disaster.

The irony is that I believe they believe that they will ultimately emerge victorious from this horror. The even greater irony is that the person they hate for nearly destroying ‘their’ party, succeeded by his mere presence is shifting the country slightly to the Left, while they – in government and on the back of a huge Parliamentary majority – are dragging it to the extreme Right even though most of its inhabitants don’t want to go there.

The new Left party cannot come soon enough.

The blinkers of liberalism: why collaboration is not cause

“I don’t think it helps anyone to see the current imbroglio as simply a function of late capitalism in its most aggressive aspect,” wrote Will Self a couple of months ago in an essay about the success of big pharma in enlisting the cooperation of the psychiatric profession in its demonic bid to sell billions of anti-depressant pills around the world. “I’m afraid,” he went on, “I have to mouth the old lily-livered liberal shibboleth at this point and observe that, yes, we are all to blame.”

Pardon me, but I’m going to be unhelpful. I’m returning to Will Self’s article, not only because I've got OCD and will devote the next 28 posts to it (including his use of the phrase ‘late capitalism’ which really gets my goat) but because it illustrates a ubiquitous misconception in understanding how the problems of our society arise.

Self, who essentially defines himself as a liberal, makes a mistake emblematic of that world-view, in confusing collaboration and cause.

Broadly speaking, reactions to the flaws or problems produced by contemporary society that become impossible to ignore (the financial and economic crisis is a prime example), fall into three camps:

1. Conservative. The economic system, said the free market think tank, The Institute of Economic Affairs, at the dawn of the neo-liberal era in 1978, has no impulses of its own aside from the desires of the people that comprise it. Conservatives emphasise personal responsibility and believe that our economic system merely mirrors our own desires, so any malfunctioning or perverse outcome, is ultimately our own fault. The UK Conservative Defence minister, Philip Hammond blames the economic crisis on “consenting adults” who went on an unsustainable debt binge. Another English conservative, Tim Montgomerie, responds to calls for more regulation by asking ‘how do we put limits on ourselves?’ However, this diffusion of responsibility is only invoked when things go wrong. Success, by contrast, is attributed to the efforts of a talented few. “You have the courage to tell the masses what no politician told them,” wrote the post-war free market economist Ludwig Von Mises in a letter to Ayn Rand. “You are inferior and all the improvements in your conditions which you simply take for granted you owe to the efforts of men who are better than you.”

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2. Liberal. It is here that we first encounter the idea that corporations may have a share, even quite a large share, of responsibility for society’s ills. “If you aren't familiar with the fact that almost all drug trials are funded by those who stand to profit from their success,” says Self in his essay, “… well then you jolly well should be.” But corporations are not alone when it comes to apportioning responsibility. They have a willing accomplice – people. “Although it’s nice to reserve the blame for banks which made lending too easy,” asserts John Lanchester in Whoops!, a book about the credit crunch, “the great British public is just as much to blame.” The insatiability of wants and power relationships, say Robert and Edward Skidelsky in their book How much is enough?  combine to produce “an ethic of acquisitiveness, which dooms societies to continuous, objectless, wealth creation.”

3. Leftist. The problems are systemic. To blame individuals, be they consumers, men or bankers, for disastrous outcomes is just finger pointing and a way of distracting attention from what is actually happening. Employees and consumers, rationally following the paths set out for them by this economic system, will inevitably generate booms and busts and seemingly intractable social problems. As an example, consider how consumer borrowing leapt up in Britain after 2000 just as earnings growth slowed to a trickle. The cause of the financial crisis of 2007/8 was not “reckless banks” or irresponsible borrowers but too little money at the base of society, leading to the implosion of derivatives such as mortgage backed securities, and too much money at the summit, destined for speculation. “Few recognise the system as the problem,” says Marxian economist, Richard Wolff, “rather than this or that group reacting to the system’s demands and pressures.”  According to this systemic approach, consumerism is not a regrettable quirk of human nature, but the glue holding the system together, and a glue that has lost much of its adhesiveness.

Consuming ants

The criticism of this perspective is that it robs people of a sense of their own volition. “Even if consumer preferences can diverge from real needs, they cannot be entirely independent of those needs; they cannot be simply “instilled” in us by the “productive apparatus” or some other such monster,” say the Skidelskys in How much is enough?  “To assert this is to deny individuals all agency, to reduce them to ants or drones”

At a common sense level, the liberal perspective conforms to what we intuitively know. “It might seem as if it is the average citizen, you and I, who are the main problem,” says a writer for social ecologist magazine, New Compass. “Who else is driving polluting cars, buying plastic toys or eating food grown on the other side of the planet?"

We can blame advertising, but advertising cannot shape desires out of nothing, protest the Skidelskys. It cannot, they point out, persuade us to buy dog turd. Advertising has to have something to latch on to in the first place and that something is “intrinsic” human wants.

But the liberal perspective is, in my opinion, a gigantic red herring, a major stumbling block that needs to be overcome to understand the society in which we live. Of course, humans are to blame - our intrinsic desires make this economy function. But you can say the same of any social system; potential human desires are not just consumerist. Nazism rested on human desires, just as this neoliberal capitalist society does, just different desires – the desire to belong, to merge into a larger whole, not to think,  and to blame others for things that are not their fault (a facet of “human nature” which never went away and is returning with avengance). The question that needs answering is not why human nature is always so corruptible, so weak, so easily directed, but why certain “intrinsic” human desires are encouraged endlessly, in particular societies, but others are left to rot. In short, what drives this society, the one we inhabit and are so loath to seriously interrogate?

A cracked mirror

 Will Self embodies the liberal capacity to see and yet not see. In his Guardian essay, he refers approvingly of James Davies’ book, Cracked: Why Psychiatry does more harm than good. “The sections of his book,” he writes, “that deal in particular with the way big pharma has moved into markets outside the English-speaking world and effected a wholesale cultural change in their perception of sadness (rebranding it, if you will, as chemically treatable "depression"), simply in order to flog their dubious little blue pills, make for chilling reading.”

Yet, at the same time, Self insists, “we” are to blame, even though we find it hard to acknowledge this uncomfortable responsibility – we go to the doctor feeling awful and we acquiesce in whatever they suggest (in this case swallowing SSRIs) will make us feel better. To add weight to what Self is saying, consider the opinion of Dr Ramin Mojtabi, a professor in public health in the US. “It’s not only that physicians are prescribing more [anti-depressants], the population is demanding more,” he says. “Feelings of sadness, the stresses of daily life and relationship problems can all cause feelings of upset or sadness that may be passing and not last long. But Americans have become more and more willing to use medication to address them.” This is the perfect encapsulation of the liberal case; pharma companies may be pushing the anti-depressants on to us with machine-like eagerness but we are only too happy to oblige. In fact we are biting their hands off to get them.

On closer inspection, though, the liberal case does not add up. There would be no need for pharma companies to effect a cultural change in non-English speaking countries if the demand were already present. They have to first create the demand, effect the cultural change and then watch the profits roll in. Secondly, there is an obvious reason why anti-depressants are the current drugs de jour.  They are eminently suited to our neo-liberal, capitalist societies because they have a reputation (merited or no) for enabling people to go on functioning through mental illness. And to function, to hold down a job, is exactly what people must do. They can’t afford to take time off to be ill. In this way, anti-depressants are remarkably similar to the very popular flu “remedies” which ameliorate flu symptoms. But the only cure for flu is rest. The concept of rest now has unmistakable air of decadent forbiddenness.

But the cart before horse logic of liberalism is irresistible to some. “Americans’ appetite for cheap clothes is one of the strongest of the economic forces that led to a boom in Bangladesh,” says an article in the Wall Street Journal, referring obliquely to the building collapse in Dakar which killed 1,129 garment workers “with the resulting race to add manufacturing capacity,” the article continues, “setting the stage for a series of horrific accidents.” The problems are demand-led, in others words. Western consumers’ apparently insatiable demand for cheap designer clothes means that people on the other side of the world are paid peanuts and work in terribly unsafe, sweatshop conditions and are sometimes left buried under tons of rubble. Corporations are merely the middle-men that reflect this insatiability.

But this has it precisely backwards. Consumer demand in the West didn’t inspire corporations to relocate production in China, Bangladesh or Vietnam. The prospect of a massive hike in profits, based on dirt poor wages, did. The technical term is global labour arbitrage, defined by the neo-liberal Economist magazine as “taking advantage of lower wages abroad, especially in poor countries.” According to economist, Charles Whalen, “The prime motivation behind offshoring is the desire to reduce labor costs … a US-based factory worker hired for $21 an hour can be replaced by a Chinese factory worker who is paid 64 cents an hour [and Bangladesh is even cheaper] … The main reason offshoring is happening now is because it can.” (it should be pointed out, in passing, that the transfer of enormous profits back to the US, Europe and Japan, enabled by global labour arbitrage is a prime cause of the financialisation and speculation that lie at the roots of economic crisis).

 Fake plastic flowers

I am not denying for a second that many consumers in Britain and American are hooked on cheap designer clothes. Or that, in the words of George Monbiot, we have entered a state of “pathological consumption” that successfully hawks silver plated ice cream tub holders or talking Darth Vader piggy banks. Or that many people unhappily munch anti-depressants at their own behest. I am not reducing people to ants or drones. But consumerism, not matter how enthusiastically or mindlessly it is practised, is an outcome, not a cause. To try to understand the world without taking into account the seminal role of institutionally selfish entities called corporations, dedicated to maximizing profit and sales, growing and achieving, if possible, monopoly status, is not to understand it at all.

And it is this deficit of understanding that means there is something missing in liberalism, no matter how perceptive it is in other ways. The book mentioned above, How much is enough?, is an extremely interesting, historically nuanced, thought-provoking book about how rich societies have not actualized John Maynard Keynes’ prediction that they would slow down, and enable people to enjoy the good life, and not spend their days solely dedicated to producing and shopping and competing with others. It is co-written by renowned Keynesian economist, Robert Skidelsky. Yet it contains the following assertion: “Experience has taught us that material wants know no natural bounds, that they will expand without end unless we consciously restrain them. Capitalism rests precisely on this endless expansion of wants.” I can’t be the first to notice that this logically makes no sense. Wants will naturally multiply unless some outside agency representing wisdom or the good life (the state?) doesn’t suppress them. But capitalism exists to expand these want ad infinitum for its own benefit. So why should wants expand exponentially of their accord without capitalism? (and I mean capitalism, not the misleading pseudonym, “market economy”) What evidence is there that they will?

This is not to minimize the immense difficulty of changing this society, the fact that, in the words of one commentator, “capitalism has buried itself deep into our psyche by the consumerisation of our lives”. But the task is rendered impossible by misunderstanding the problem in the first place.

To misquote the anarchist Emma Goldman: “capitalism gets the human nature it deserves”.